RoofViews

Building Science

Cold Storage Roofing: 5 Tips for Creating Effective Construction Documents

By Kristin Westover

March 22, 2018

Cold Storage Warehouse for Frozen and Chiller Product

Cold storage facilities face unique challenges when it comes to maintaining optimal interior temperature levels. Development of cold storage roofing system design documents that both maintain interior temperatures and create an airtight roof system are important to have a high-performing cold storage roof. Uncontrolled airflow into the roofing assembly can lead to condensation within the roof and the presence of icicles or ice balls at the underside of the roof deck. Condensation and ice in the roofing assembly adds weight to the roof assembly, and wet insulation has significantly reduced R-value. A reduction in R-value means that it is more difficult for the insulation to retain interior temperatures, and cooling equipment has to work harder to maintain the interior temperature set points.

With this in mind, here are five tips on how to create a high performing cold storage roofing project:

  1. Clearly Define Project Goals

    Outline the goals for the project, such as interior temperatures, energy efficiency requirements, and methods for controlling air leakage and thermal loss. This will help guide the design phase and inform value engineering efforts related to the roof assembly selection, including specified R-values for insulation and roof assembly attachment methods.

  2. Provide Complete Roof Assembly Design

    Include a complete roof assembly design with considerations to service life, wind uplift, hail, foot traffic, and energy efficiency. The entire roof assembly including membrane selection, insulation type and R-value, coverboard selection, and roof attachment methods should take into account the design considerations. A thicker membrane, with a coverboard below it, will extend the overall service life of the roof assembly, increasing resilience to hail and foot traffic. The specified insulation type and R-value, along with the roof attachment method will impact the energy efficiency and wind uplift performance. Consideration to how the components come together to form the roof assembly are essential for achieving the project goals.

  3. Incorporate Comprehensive Detailing

    Include comprehensive details for penetrations, curbs, and roof-to-wall transitions, clearly illustrating methods for roof membrane termination with special consideration to preventing thermal bridging and air leakage. Lack of attention to detail can lead to both water leaks and air leaks, both impacting cold storage operations inside the building. Gaps in the insulation or lack of closed cell spray foam insulation at penetrations and roof-to-wall transitions creates thermal bridges allowing for escape of interior conditioned air, or infiltration of warmer exterior air. Where the warmer exterior air is able to meet with the cold interior air, condensation occurs, which often presents itself as icicles at the underside of the roof deck. Condensation that collects within the roof assembly can saturate the insulation, ultimately reducing the R-value and insulating ability of the insulation.

  4. Specify Material Compatibility

    Ensure the compatibility of all materials used within the roof system in order to achieve optimal performance and avoid potential issues during installation and throughout the life of the roof system. Specifying manufacturer tested assemblies, including proper attachment rates are crucial for ensuring that the roof system meets the wind uplift requirements. Additionally, manufacturer approved products and assemblies should be used to avoid compatibility issues, which may occur with installing dissimilar materials.

  5. Include Installation Guidelines

    Provide manufacturer's installation guidelines to ensure a successful installation of the roof system. For each component of the roof system, ensure there is proper detailing and an approved installation method that meets the design intent. Encourage communication between trades, including scheduling, particularly where the roof components interface with other building or exterior wall components. Additionally, requesting appropriate roof product and assembly submittals to confirm that the installation meets the specifications.

By focusing on the key areas of cold storage roofing design, designers can create thermally efficient and airtight roof systems that will provide a long-lasting roof for years to come. A well-designed and detailed roof plan will ensure the success of the project, promote energy efficiency, and ultimately lead to a high-performing cold storage roof.


Curious to learn more about cold storage buildings and the critical role roofing plays? Explore the GAF cold storage website, Read A Guide to Cold Storage Roof System Design, connect with the GAF Building & Roofing Sciences team, or send an email to coldstorage.assistance@gaf.com for additional information.

About the Author

Kristin Westover, P.E., LEED AP O+M, is a Technical Manager of Specialty Installations for low-slope commercial roofing systems at GAF. She specializes in cold storage roofing assemblies where she provides insight, education, and best practices as it relates to cold storage roofing. Kristin is part of the Building and Roofing Science Team where she works with designers on all types of low-slope roofing projects to review project design considerations so designers can make informed roof assembly decisions.

Related Articles

A house with landscaping in the front.
Your Home

4 Ideas for Low-Maintenance Front Yard Curb Appeal

All homes can benefit from a little tender loving care, no matter the age or location. Making occasional updates to beautify your property can help maintain its character while enhancing your pride and appreciation. In some cases, home improvement projects can even boost the resale value.If you want to upgrade the look of your home and green spaces without getting on the roof or breaking the bank, there's no shortage of options. Here are four DIY ideas for low-maintenance front yard curb appeal.1. A Fresh Coat of PaintPainting is one of the simplest and least costly DIY home projects, requiring only primer, paint, and a brush. In fact, the most complicated part of painting projects is often choosing what to paint and what colors to use. However, this can be one of the highest-impact, low-maintenance front yard curb appeal projects.Painting your shutters, trim, or even just your front door can give your home a quick facelift. A great way to make your home look as cohesive as possible is to stick to its existing colors and undertones. You can achieve this by keeping the trim or shutter colors within the same color family as your roof.For example, if you have a white home with Hunter Green GAF Timberline HDZ® shingles on the roof, consider a similar shade of green for the shutters and trim. Or, if you have a stucco house with a cooler-hued roof, you can paint your shutters a soft gray or light blue for a modest pop of color.If you're feeling adventurous, consider painting your front door a fun color that will catch the eye and welcome your guests. For cooler-toned homes, try a front door in navy, royal, or even sky blue. For warmer-toned homes, you can be extra playful and paint your front door a bright red.When painting, remember to properly prep and prime all surfaces and use exterior paint. If you plan to refresh your shutters, it's best to remove them from the hinges and lay them flat while working.2. Updated LandscapingLandscaping is another fun way to add front yard curb appeal, but it can feel a little more daunting than an afternoon of painting. To start, visit your local nursery and learn about suitable plants for your area. Figure out how much upkeep and irrigation certain shrubs require, when particular flowers bloom, and the amount of sunshine each plant needs. You may want to dot your landscape with bushes that bloom throughout the year, or you may want a simple and calming lawn filled with lush shades of green. Either way, an expert at your local nursery can help.However, if you only have one afternoon to dedicate to your landscape, you can still make an impact. One quick way to upgrade your property's look is to fill terracotta pots with seasonal flowers in your favorite colors. Place them flanking the front door or beside the mailbox. If your home has a lot of windows, plant beautiful, low-maintenance flowers in windowsill boxes. The best part about potted plants is they're transportable, and you can change the blooms with the season or your mood.As you update your landscaping, choose a color scheme and appearance that complements your home's style and design. If you have a more traditional home with brown Weathered Wood GAF Timberline UHDZ® shingles on the roof, for instance, you could create a rustic, English-style garden that's filled with bursts of colorful flowers. If your home is more modern, on the other hand, stick with a simple landscape design that uses a subdued color palette. You want your front yard to feel connected with the rest of your home.Home featuring GAF Timberline UHDZ shingles in Weathered Wood.3. Improved Walkway DesignAnother DIY project that can give your home low-maintenance front yard curb appeal is improving your walkway. Enhancing your yard's hardscaping can make your home feel more cohesive.If your property has existing gravel walkways, consider matching the color to your home. Gray gravel stones complement a cooler-toned home, and ivory/beige stones work well for a warm-toned home. For instance, if your roof is a color similar to Oyster Grey GAF Timberline HDZ® shingles, consider using slate or bluestone; if it's on the warmer side, use brick.If you like the look of paver stones, pick up lightweight options at your local hardware store and use them to create intricate, eye-catching designs.Home featuring GAF Timberline HDZ shingles in Oyster Grey4. Elegant LightingAn impactful DIY tip for jazzing up your home's curb appeal is upgrading your exterior lighting. Soft, warm lighting can add elegance and offer dramatic flair. This complements homes with GAF Timberline® NS shingles that provide a natural shadow effect.Consider adding a sconce by the front door to make your home feel inviting and cozy. Place outdoor solar-powered lights along walkways. You can also add solar lights at the base of trees to uplight them, creating a sophisticated look at night. As added benefits, solar lights require no hard-wiring and don't affect your electricity bill, which makes them a great low-maintenance front yard curb appeal addition.There's No Place Like Your HomeGiving your home upgraded curb appeal through painting, landscaping, hardscaping, and lighting can make a big difference without requiring too much time or money. In addition to giving you a newfound sense of pride, your neighbors may also appreciate the property's updates. Best of all, these exterior DIY projects can potentially increase your home's sale price. It's often easier for buyers to envision themselves in a beautiful, well-maintained home.If you want to take your home's exterior to another level, think about upgrading your roof. A new roof requires less maintenance and can help refine your property's appearance. Explore the GAF Virtual Home Remodeler to envision different ways your home could look, and reach out to a local GAF-certified contractor* to discuss your roofing project.*Contractors enrolled in GAF certification programs are not employees or agents of GAF, and GAF does not control or otherwise supervise these independent businesses. Contractors may receive benefits, such as loyalty rewards points and discounts on marketing tools from GAF for participating in the program and offering GAF enhanced warranties, which require the use of a minimum amount of GAF products. Your dealings with a Contractor, and any services they provide to you, are subject to the GAF Contractor Terms of Use.

By Authors Cristina Soriano

September 27, 2024

Roofers install GAF EverGuard® TPO Quick-Spray Adhesive on a flat roof
Commercial Roofing

Minimizing Disruption When Repairing Roofs on Schools and Hospitals

As a roofing contractor, you know how noisy roofing projects can get. And when repairing or replacing roofs on institutional properties, like schools and healthcare centers, it's often not possible to remove occupants during the project's duration.Accordingly, minimizing disruption at these facilities is key, as students need to be able to concentrate and patients must be protected as they recover. Here are common disruptions to consider and how to reduce them, with insight from GAF Building and Roofing Science Research Lead, Elizabeth Grant.Common Disruptions on Construction SitesYou have several challenges to consider when working on schools or other facilities with ongoing operations, including noise, odors, and occupants' safety.Elevated VolumeHeightened noise levels can affect both students and patients. At schools, loud sounds can affect students' ability to learn and concentrate. Likewise, construction noise can impact patients' ability to rest and recuperate in healthcare facilities.Strong OdorsWhen using certain roofing materials on big job sites—like powerful adhesives or hot-mopped roofing systems—odors may infiltrate the building. This may be distracting and affect the comfort of students and patients.Heavy MachineryUnloading and staging material can also cause disruption, as materials must be staged onsite to be ready for installation as the job progresses. This often involves using heavy equipment, such as cranes and lifts. Proper safety protections must be in place to ensure worker and occupant safety.Roofing Products That Minimize DisruptionUnfortunately, there's no good time for a roof repair or replacement at a medical facility. You may be able to complete school projects when school is out of session, but that isn't always the case if a leak or storm damage occurs.The best (and most proactive) way to minimize disruption is to use durable, long-lasting materials, as this reduces the number of times crews need to work on the roof.Single-Ply MembranesGrant recommends a robust single-ply membrane or a system with some redundancy, such as a multi-ply modified bitumen. She also suggests leveraging a hybrid system, composed of a multi-ply modified bitumen system with a single-ply top sheet for reflectivity.Cover and Substrate BoardsFor resiliency against noise-causing conditions such as hail and foot traffic, Grant suggests using cover and substrate boards. Cover boards are installed on top of the insulation and provide sound insulation, while substrate boards are installed directly on the roof deck under the insulation."If you have a really noisy location, and you want to keep people inside from hearing a lot of disruption, having cover and substrate boards included in the system can be really important," says Grant.Adhesives and FastenersAnother change you can make to reduce disruption is using adhesive to attach roofing products instead of mechanically fastening them. This helps avoid the noise from driving fasteners into the roof deck—and enables a faster installation.Grant notes that, depending on the FM and wind ratings required, it may be possible to adhere all the system components, including the insulation, cover boards, and membrane. An adhesive like GAF EverGuard® TPO Quick-Spray Adhesive can effectively adhere TPO and PVC roofing materials. The product has a high initial tackiness, allowing for faster installation than traditional adhesives. You can also opt for self-adhering products (vapor retarder, pipe boots, TPO roofing, etc.), which can further reduce installation time by eliminating adhesive application from the process.Materials That Shorten Project TimelinesA creative and efficient way to minimize disruption at school and hospital job sites is to reduce the time crews are on the roof. By taking advantage of time-saving materials, you can reduce the risk to workers and occupants, increase productivity, and ultimately take on more work.In addition to the Quick-Spray Adhesive, GAF offers several materials designed to cut installation time and labor:Wider rolls of TPO (12 feet instead of 10 feet) can help crews to spend less time installing systems on wide-open roofs.Insulation installation is easier with lightweight Ultra HD Composite Insulation, and it eliminates the need for one full application of adhesive in adhered systems.TPO self-adhered membrane can cut installation time by as much as 60% compared to installation using traditional bucket and roller adhesives.Experienced Support That Streamlines WorkIn addition to product and material selection, you can minimize disruptions by having GAF professionals from the Tapered Design Group help design the tapered insulation system. These professionals can help you with a variety of services, such as:Tapered insulation designTapered insulation Inventory management and orderingBudget friendly alternativesTapered insulation systems are designed to improve the drainage slope on roofs with substrate damage or without enough slope. The tapered design team at GAF "balances suitable slope with the least amount of material," Grant says. "To help with saving money, saving material, and saving time."This group designs tapered insulation systems that can be loaded and labeled strategically to minimize material handling and time spent looking for and transporting materials. Products are bundled by roof area, and a color-coded plan distinguishes areas for each bundle. Materials are precut and specifically designed for each project.Additional Tools to Save Time and LaborTwo other GAF tools can help you reduce the time spent on projects: GAF QuickSite™ and GAF QuickMeasure™.GAF QuickSite™GAF QuickSite™ provides the information you need before approaching a potential customer. It gives you a snapshot of local codes (important if you're working in an unfamiliar location), a 10-year wind and hail history, historical photographs documenting changes over time, and parcel information (including size and sales dates).GAF QuickMeasure™GAF QuickMeasure™ provides complete roof measurements including parapet wall lengths, heights and widths to help create estimates, past views showing how a roof may have changed over time, grid-lined paper for buildings with predominate pitch of 0 or 1, and a DXF file output for CAD.With the help of GAF QuickSite™, GAF QuickMeasure™, and the Tapered Design Group, you can confidently give your healthcare clients and school customers accurate estimates for suitable roofing products to meet their needs. These tools can also minimize disruption to building occupants and help building owners select durable, long-lasting products that will protect their investments for years to come.Leveraging GAF Professionals' ExperienceWhen working on schools, hospitals, and other important institutions, you're working to satisfy not only your clients but the individuals visiting these locations. By minimizing disruption, you can help ensure everyone involved experiences minimal disruption while you complete the project.For more insight into time- and labor-saving products and services, explore GAF School Rooftop Resources.

By Authors Dawn Killough

August 29, 2024

Contractor on a roof install with workers
Your Home

What to Look for When Finding a Contractor

Your roof is a long-term investment that helps protect your family, may improve your home's resale value, and crowns your home's aesthetic so finding a contractor that is qualified is very important. To help you choose a roofing contractor with confidence, here are three qualities to look for.1. Professional Experience and ReputationBefore you hire, do your research. Choose a company based on experience and reputation—not just price. If you decide on price alone, you may not be making the best choice.RecommendationsWord-of-mouth from trusted sources is a great starting place. Ask neighbors, friends, and online community forums for referrals.ResearchVisit the company's website to determine the products and services it offers—as well as the number of years it's been in business. Then, verify the company is licensed and insured.ReviewsNext, read reviews from multiple online platforms to learn about customer experiences. Resources could include Google Reviews, Yelp, Better Business Bureau, and the company's social media pages. While searching, look for info such as ease of interactions, professionalism during installation, cleanup after project completion, and overall satisfaction with the outcome.2. CertificationsFinding a contractor certified by a manufacturer typically indicates that a contractor has met the certification requirements of the manufacturer. For example, contractors certified by GAF must be insured and licensed in states where they operate (if required). GAF also considers factors such as years of roofing experience, credit rating and overall standing with the Better Business Bureau.Higher tiers of certification may be allowed to offer better enhanced warranties on qualifying roofing systems. For example GAF Master Elite® Contractors are entrusted to offer the GAF Golden Pledge Limited Warranty* on qualifying roofing systems, which provides up to 30 years of misapplication coverage.VerificationVerify contractor certifications whenever possible. For example, the GAF website lets you verify whether a company is certified by GAF by simply entering their phone number or contractor ID.AwardsIn addition to certifications, select contractors may also qualify for manufacturer awards. For example, the highest distinction a GAF Master Elite® contractor can earn is the GAF's President's Club Award. This award indicates that a contractor has demonstrated commitment to installing GAF roofing systems backed by GAF's strongest warranties and dedication to learning about GAF's products and services.3. Operational ApproachAfter identifying several contractors, consider these talking points when interviewing the contractors:ExperienceAsk the contractor whether it has experience installing roofs on the type of roof architecture you have.AvailabilityWhen do you need the project to start, and when can the company actually do the installation? If your roofing needs are urgent (leaks, damage, etc.), make sure they can perform the work in the timeframe you are looking for.EstimateAsk the contractor to provide you with an estimate. As a preliminary step, try using GAF's estimate tool. However, keep in mind that the estimate provided by the tool is non-binding and contractors will provide their own estimates. Review actual estimates from contractors closely to understand what is included. The cheapest option is not always the best. Consider experience, and reputation, too.Payment OptionsAsk your contractor about payment options, including payment and financing options to make sure you choose the best option for you.Starting Your SearchPrioritizing these qualities when looking for a contractor may help you find the right company for the job.Are you ready for a new roof? Find a GAF certified roofing contractor** today.*See GAF Golden Pledge Limited Warranty for complete coverage and restrictions.**Contractors enrolled in GAF certification programs are not employees or agents of GAF, and GAF does not control or otherwise supervise these independent businesses. Contractors may receive benefits, such as loyalty rewards points and discounts on marketing tools from GAF for participating in the program and offering GAF enhanced warranties, which require the use of a minimum amount of GAF products. Your dealings with a Contractor, and any services they provide to you, are subject to the GAF Contractor Terms of Use.

By Authors Annie Crawford

August 20, 2024

Don't miss another GAF RoofViews post!

Subscribe now